Hello- I am new to this site and am happy to see that there is so much support offered by those positing.
My sister was diagnosed with Stage IV breast cancer in January 2012, after 8 years of being "cancer free". Her mets were primarily to her liver, with other areas affected. She responded unusually well to her chemo regime (though she was told she would be on "lifetime" chemo).
In October, she began experiencing headaches, dizziness, and falling, and it was found that the cancer had spread to her brain and spinal fluids.
She had an Ommaya Reservoir inserted and has been receiving chemo through this port. (Unfortunately, she had leakage through the reservoir and had to have a 2nd surgery to replace it.)
She seems to be deteriorating as far as her mental cognition and her motor skills, and had an MRI and Pet scan this past week. The results of her MRI show a decrease in the cancer in her brain fluid.
My questions are:
If the MRI shows improvement, why does she seem worse? Are the symptoms she is experiencing being caused by the treatment or by the cancer itself? (I'm sure stress is not helping either!!)
Her oncologist said that there is only one chemo that can be used for her brain/spinal fluid cancer. Yet, I seem to see several drugs mentioned online-?
Thank you!


Hi, Andil.
Sorry to hear that your sister's condition seems to be worse. What is the latest prognosis that your sister was given? Did the doctors confirm if she has some form of leptomeningeal disease? Did she have a lumbar puncture to confirm the presence of LM?
The symptoms that you cited sound very familiar (i.e. headaches, dizziness, deteriorating motor skills and cognition, and falling). Also, with the use of the Ommaya Reservoir, I am assuming that they are using Methotrexate as the chemo agent, although, depending upon the underlying type of bc, they may have tried to use other chemo agents. While you may see that some may mention the use of Xeloda, which can cross through the blood brain barrier, the issue, to date, has been how to get a large enough quantity through the bbb into the meninges and surrounding area in order to be effective. My wife had been on Xeloda which prove to be effective in shrinking mets in her upper chest and neck (we were finally one clean set of scans away from a possible NED). The Xeloda did nothing to stop the progression to her meninges (she had previously had a craniotomy in Jan. '12 to removed large tumor followed by targeted radiation for a deeper tumor in her brain--both were successful).
If your sister has LM, as the medical oncologist probably shared, the prognosis is very poor and the patient is susceptible to a wide range of really debilitating symptoms.
My wife was dx with LMC in July (symptoms actually started to appear at the end of May 2012). She passed in August. Because LM disease is very rare and extremely aggressive, there are not very many posts related to this particular subject especially in advanced stages (whether here on Inspire or on other sites). I usually share comments about our experience with LM in private messages because the journey can become quite challenging and heart wrenching for those going through the experience as well as for those reading posts. As you have witnessed with your sisters deteriorating condition, any type of cancer in the spinal fluid especially LM can change a loved ones condition very quickly.
As for the origin of the symptoms, Methotrexate is a very potent chemo agent. This was one of the reasons why my wife and I opted to pass on the insertion of the Ommaya Reservoir and MTX based upon the information that we received as well as from research, that the side effects could be very rough and the extension of life was not as significant when it came to LMC. However, each individual is different and some may respond to MTX, therefore, each person may choose to undergo this as well as other potential treatment options.
The unfortunate downside is that the longer a person with LM survives, the tougher the daily existence may become due to the advancing symptoms. My wife was taking Dexamethasone (steroids) to try to minimize swelling in her brain which was to also minimize certain symptoms. She was experiencing issues with double-vision, then it advanced to falling, short-term memory issues, behavior changes (regression), and in the end her blood sugar rose dramatically (resulted in her getting diabetic ketoacidosis). Prior to going on steroids, she had never even been diabetic. In her case, the advancement of the LMC plus the side effects of the meds made it very difficult to determine which was doing the most to advance her demise. In any event, however, we knew that the LMC had a very poor prognosis and recognized that her deteriorating condition was more than likely the result of the advancing LMC.
Therefore, we chose to focus on more of the palliative aspects of her care in terms of trying to minimize the symptoms while maximizing, to the extent possible, her quality of life.
There is always hope that some form of treatment will be effective against this form of cancer. My wife was battling TNBC and IBC so when the Xeloda showed a lot of progress in shrinking most of the tumors with no sign of new tumors in her brain, we continued to hope for the best just as we had done from the start of getting such a tough initial dx in May 2011. We never imagined the cancer spreading to her meninges via the spinal fluid. MRI brain scans were clear, however, I believe that a lumbar puncture or draw of spinal fluid from an Ommaya Reservoir is the only way to confirm the presence of cancer in the CSF.
I hope that this feedback helps. I wish your sister the best with her continued treatments. She is fortunate to have you by her side especially during these very challenging time. Take care, Andil.
Sincerely,
David